lnamp完整版[linux+apache2.4+php5.6.6+mysql5.6]

Lnamp环境安装实录

将采用的开源软件：
Apache [WEB动态脚本服务器，做nginx的反向代理  8080端口]
Tengine [WEB静态文件服务器  80端口]
MySQL 
PHP 
1.Apache安装

A.apr安装
wget -c http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.5.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apr-1..5.tar.gz
cd apr-1.5.1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
make
make install

B.apr-util安装

wget -c wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz

tar -zxvf  apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz

cd apr-util-1.5.4

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

make

make install

C.pcre安装

wget -c ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.36.tar.gz

tar -zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.36

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre

make

make install

D.apache安装

wget -c http://mirror.symnds.com/software/Apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz

tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz

cd httpd-2.4.10

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so-rewrite=prefork 
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre


如果提示openssl(旧版)，运行

yum install openssl-devel

yum update openssl

make

make install
 

E.把apache加入系统service，开机自启动
 

cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd

vim /etc/init.d/httpd

# beyound

# chkconfig: 35 85 15

# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server.
 
chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd

/sbin/chkconfig --add httpd

/sbin/chkconfig --list httpd

ln -s /sbin/chkconfig /usr/bin/chkconfig

ln -s /sbin/service /usr/bin/service

2.MySQL安装

A.准备工作

 
安装一些必须的软件：

yum install cmake automake autoconf libtool gcc g++ bison

yum install ncurses-devel

mkdir -p /data/mysql

mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld

groupadd mysql    //添加一个mysql标准组

useradd -g mysql mysql   //添加mysql用户并加到mysql组中

B.下载安装

wget -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.11.tar.gz/from/http://cdn.mysql.com/

tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.11.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.6.11

cmake

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql   #安装路径

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/               #数据文件存放位置

-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc                          #my.cnf路径

-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1             #支持MyIASM引擎

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1           #支持InnoDB引擎

-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1             #支持InnoDB引擎

-DWITH_READLINE=1                          #快捷键功能(我没用过)

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock         #连接数据库socket路径

-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306                      #端口

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1                   #允许从本地导入数据

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1          #安装支持数据库分区

-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk      #安装需要的字符集

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8                     #默认字符

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci        #默认字符集-DMYSQL_USER=mysql

如果安装过程中报错，解决错误后重新cmake前需删除CMakeCache.txt文件

make

make install
 
C.配置

配置文件

这一步中需要注意的是my.cnf的加载顺序，Linux优先级从高到低
/etc/my.cnf->/etc/mysql/my.cnf->SYSCONFDIR/my.cnf->$MYSQL_HOME/my.cnf，
高优先级的my.cnf设置会覆盖低优先级的my.cnf，所以一般把config文件copy到etc中即可。

#如果/etc下没有my.cnf

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf
 
[client]

default-character-set=utf8

port=3306

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/www/mysql/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
 
[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock

user=mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

wait-timeout = 30

max_connections = 512

max_allowed_packet=64M

slow_query_log

slow_query_log_file=/var/log/www/mysql/slow.log

log-error = /var/log/www/mysql/error.log

#数据目录的权限

chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld

chmod +x /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
 
#数据初始化

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql

#设置软连接使mysql,  mysqldump,  mysqladmin这三个bin命令能在shell中直接运行

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin

#启动MySQL

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
 --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql &
 
#配置开机自启动

vim /etc/rc.local 

添加

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 
--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql &

#修改mysql密码

UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD("newpassword") WHERE user='root';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

create database db_test;

B.创建一个新用户用于管理 db_test 数据库

insert into mysql.user(Host,User,Password) 
values("localhost","admin",password("newpassword"));

flush privileges;

C.赋予权限

grant all privileges on db_test.* to db_test@localhost identified by 'newpassword';
3.Tengine[Nginx]安装

A.准备工作

需要下载的东西

wget -c http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

wget -c http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1e.tar.gz

tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1e.tar.gz

wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
 
tar zxvf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz 

groupadd www    //添加一个www标准组

useradd -g www www   //添加www用户并加到www组中 

B.下载安装

wget -c http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz

tar -zxvf tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz

cd tengine-2.1.0

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 
--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_realip_module 
--with-http_flv_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_gzip_static_module  
--with-http_addition_module --with-http_ssl_module 
--with-openssl=../openssl-1.0.1h 
--with-pcre=../pcre-8.36 
--with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.8 
--add-module=/usr/local/src/ngx_cache_purge-2.3

make 

make install  

C.配置

vim /etc/init.d/nginx

#! /bin/sh

# Author: rui ding
 
# Modified: Geoffrey Grosenbach http://topfunky.com
 
# Modified: Clement NEDELCU

# Reproduced with express authorization from its contributors

set -e
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

DESC="nginx daemon"

NAME=nginx

DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME

SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
 
# If the daemon file is not found, terminate the script.

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

start() {
  $DAEMON || echo -n " already running"
}

stop() {

  $DAEMON -s quit || echo -n " not running"
}

reload() {

  $DAEMON -s reload || echo -n " could not reload"
}

case "$1" in

  start)

    echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"

    start

    echo "."

  ;;

  stop)

    echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"

    stop

    echo "."
  ;;

  reload)

    echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."

    reload

    echo "reloaded."
  ;;

  restart)

  echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"

  stop

# Sleep for two seconds before starting again, this should give the

# Nginx daemon some time to perform a graceful stop.

  sleep 2

  start
echo "."

  ;;

  *)

  echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload}" >&2

  exit 3

  ;;

esac


exit 0

chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

service  nginx  start

service  nginx  reload

service  nginx  restart

service  nginx   stop
 
vim /etc/rc.local 

添加一行

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx &
 
4.PHP编译安装

A.yum安装相关库包
 
yum install gd-devel php-gd

yum install zlib zlib-devel

yum install freetype-devel freetype-demos freetype-utils

yum install libpng libpng-devel libpng10 libpng10-devel

yum install libjpeg libjpeg-devel

yum install ImageMagick

yum install flex

yum install ImageMagick-devel

yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel

yum install libxml2 curl curl-devel

yum -y install libtool libtool-ltdl-devel

yum install mhash-devel

yum install patch

 

B.可能需要源码编译的包
 
wget -c ftp://mcrypt.hellug.gr/pub/crypto/mcrypt/libmcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz

tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.7

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt

make && make install

 

wget -c http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mhash/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

tar -zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmhash

make && make install

 

C.编译安装

 

wget -c http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.6.6.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

tar -zxvf php-5.6.6.tar.gz

cd php-5.6.6

 

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php 
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc 
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ 
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config 
 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs 
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local 
--with-freetype-dir 
--with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib
 --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath 
--enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath 
--enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm 
--enable-sysvmsg --enable-inline-optimization 
--with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex  --enable-fpm 
--enable-fastcgi --enable-force-cgi-redirect 
--enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt 
--with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl 
--with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets 
--with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap 
--enable-ftp --enable-sigchild 
--with-pear --enable-cli --enable-exif 
--enable-calendar --with-bz2 --enable-pdo 
--with-pdo-mysql --enable-freetype --disable-fileinfo
 
configure: error: Cannot find ldap.h

yum install openldap

yum install openldap-devel


Configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution
centos: yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel

 

错误：configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib

解决办法:cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/

 
错误：configure: error: Unable to find your mysql installation

解决办法：ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config /usr/bin/mysql_config


编译出错后重新编译时需先make clean再make

make

make install

修改apache的配置文件httpd.conf

vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

然后在文本最后面添加

LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so 
(注意，在apache安装目录下，modules下有libphp5.so，这是php安装时添加进去的，如果没有，php，你需要重装下)

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php .html

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
 
5.环境整合

A.整合apache

mkdir -p /home/www/test.com

chown -R www.www /home/www

apache将被nginx代理，因此将apache的默认监听端口改为8080

vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
 
将hosts定向到 Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

Listen 8080

User www

Group www

<IfModule dir_module>

    DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm

</IfModule>

 
vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

将里面的*:80全部改成yourdomain.name:8080

并添加虚拟hosts


<VirtualHost *:8080>

    ServerAdmin webmaster@a.test.com

    DocumentRoot "/home/www/test.com"

    DirectoryIndex   index.php  index.html

    ServerName a.test.com

    <Directory "/home/www/test.com">

        AllowOverride None

        Options None

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

    ErrorLog "/var/log/www/apache/a.test.com-error_log"

    CustomLog "/var/log/www/apache/a.test.com-access_log" common

</VirtualHost>

vim /home/www/test.com/phpinfo.php

<?php
echo phpinfo();
?>

service httpd start
访问http://a.test.com:8080/phpinfo.php

B.配置php-fpm

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

#开启php-fpm慢脚本日志

request_slowlog_timeout = 30

slowlog = /var/log/www/php/php-fpm.log.slow

#脚本等待时间

request_terminate_timeout = 120

pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid

error_log = /var/log/www/php/php-fpm.log.error

log_level = notice

user = www

group = www

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

pm = dynamic

pm.max_children = 100

pm.start_servers = 10

pm.min_spare_servers = 5

pm.max_spare_servers = 100

pm.max_requests = 1000

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm


#将php-fpm整合成系统服务

vim /etc/init.d/php-fpm

#! /bin/sh

### BEGIN INIT INFO

# Provides:          php-fpm

# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $network

# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $network

# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5

# Default-Stop:      0 1 6

# Short-Description: starts php-fpm

# Description:       starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon

### END INIT INFO

prefix=/usr/local/php

exec_prefix=${prefix}

php_fpm_BIN=${exec_prefix}/sbin/php-fpm

php_fpm_CONF=${prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf

php_fpm_PID=${prefix}/var/run/php-fpm.pid

 
php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF"

wait_for_pid () {

    try=0


    while test $try -lt 35 ; do

 

        case "$1" in

            'created')

            if [ -f "$2" ] ; then

                try=''

                break

            fi

            ;;

 

            'removed')

            if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then

                try=''

                break

            fi

            ;;

        esac

 

        echo -n .

        try=`expr $try + 1`

        sleep 1

 

    done

}

 

case "$1" in

    start)

        echo -n "Starting php-fpm "

 

        $php_fpm_BIN $php_opts

 

        if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then

            echo " failed"

            exit 1

        fi

 

        wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID

 

        if [ -n "$try" ] ; then

            echo " failed"

            exit 1

        else

            echo " done"

        fi

    ;;

 

    stop)

        echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "

 

        if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then

            echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"

            exit 1

        fi

 

        kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`

 

        wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

 

        if [ -n "$try" ] ; then

            echo " failed. Use force-quit"

            exit 1

        else

            echo " done"

        fi

    ;;

 

    force-quit)

        echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "

 

        if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then

            echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"

            exit 1

        fi

 

        kill -TERM `cat $php_fpm_PID`

 

        wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

 

        if [ -n "$try" ] ; then

            echo " failed"

            exit 1

        else

            echo " done"

        fi

    ;;

 

    restart)

        $0 stop

        $0 start

    ;;

 

    reload)

 

        echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "

 

        if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then

            echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"

            exit 1

        fi

 

        kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`

 

        echo " done"

    ;;

 

    *)

        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload}"

        exit 1

    ;;

 

esac

 

chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

 

service php-fpm start

service php-fpm stop

service php-fpm reload

service php-fpm restart

 

#开机启动

vim /etc/rc.local

添加一行

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &

 

C.Nginx整合

mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 

user  www www;

worker_processes  8;

error_log  /var/log/www/nginx/error.log crit;

#error_log  /var/log/www/nginx/error.log  notice;

#error_log  /var/log/www/nginx/error.log  info; 

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

 

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events {

    use epoll;

    worker_connections  1024;

}


http {

    include       mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;

 

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                                          '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

 

    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

    client_header_buffer_size 32k;

    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

    client_max_body_size 8m;

 

    sendfile        on;

    tcp_nopush      on;

    tcp_nodelay     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

 

    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

    fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

    fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

    proxy_set_header   Host   $host;

    proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;

    proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

    gzip  on;

    gzip_min_length  1k;

    gzip_buffers     4 16k;

    gzip_http_version 1.0;

    gzip_comp_level 2;

    gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

    gzip_vary on;

    include vhosts/*.conf;

}

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/a.test.com.conf

 

#反向代理

upstream www.test {

        a.test.com:8080;

}

server {

        listen       80;

        server_name  www.test.com;

        charset utf-8;

 

        root /home/www/www.test;

        location / {

                index  index.php index.html index.htm;

if (!-e $request_filename) {

            #rewrite  ^(.*)$  /index.php?s=$1  last;

            #break;

        }

        }

 

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

        #

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

                root   html;

        }

 

        location ~ \.php$ {    #開啟支持php

            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;    #php    fastcgi服務地址及端口

            fastcgi_index  index.php;

            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

            include        fastcgi_params;

    }

}

 

service nginx reload

 

D.Apache+nginx+php反向代理

 

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/a.test.com.conf

 

#反向代理

upstream www.test{

        server a.test.com:8080;

}

server {

        listen       80;

        server_name  www.test.com;

        charset utf-8;

 

        root /home/www/test.com;

        location / {

                index  index.php index.html index.htm;

        }

 

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

        #

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

                root   html;

        }

 

        location ~ \.php$ {                #fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;    #php    fastcgi服務地址及端口

            #fastcgi_index  index.php;

            #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

            #include        fastcgi_params;

            proxy_pass   http://www.test;  #apache反向代理

            proxy_pass_header User-Agent;

            proxy_redirect          off;

            proxy_set_header        Host $host;

            proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

            proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

            client_max_body_size    10m;

            client_body_buffer_size 128k;

            proxy_connect_timeout   90;

            proxy_send_timeout      90;

            proxy_read_timeout      90;

            proxy_buffer_size       512k;

            proxy_buffers           4 512k;

            proxy_busy_buffers_size 512k;

            proxy_temp_file_write_size 512k;

        }

}

service nginx reload

再访问 http://www.test.com/phpinfo.php
 
系统已经用apache来解析动态请求了，反向代理配置正确

完成