Android Serializable_Android开发_移动开发

Serializable 是java提供的标准序列化接口，它是一个空接口，为对象提供标准的序列化和反序列化操作。

You can just implement Serializable interface and add override methods.The problem with this approach is that reflection is used and it is a slow process. This method create a lot of temporary objects and cause quite a bit of garbage collection. Serializable interface is easier to implement.

实现接口 Serializable 接口

publicclassMyObjectsimplementsSerializable{

privateString name;
privateintage;

publicArrayList<String> address;

publicMyObjects(String name,intage, ArrayList<String> address){
super();
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.address = address;
}

publicArrayList<String>getAddress(){
if(!(address ==null))
returnaddress;
else
returnnewArrayList<String>();
}

publicStringgetName(){
returnname;

}

publicStringgetAge(){
returnage;
}

}

传递 Serializable 对象：

//MyObjects instance
MyObjects mObjects = newMyObjects("name","age","Address array here");

//Passing MyObjects instance via intent
Intent mIntent = newIntent(FromActivity.this, ToActivity.class);
mIntent.putExtra("UniqueKey", mObjects);
startActivity(mIntent);


//Getting MyObjects instance
Intent mIntent = getIntent();
MyObjects workorder = (MyObjects) mIntent.getSerializableExtra("UniqueKey");

Serializable 的实现原理是将需要序列化的对象写入文件内，反序列化的时候再从文件内读取数据组成对象。这个过程中会有一个 serialVersionID 来标记当前序列化文件的版本，反序列化的时候会

检测当前类的serialVersionID和文件中的serialVersionID是否一样，如果一样，那么就说明当前类和序列化的对象的版本相同（即使类不同，也能恢复大部分数据），否则就说明当前类和序列化对象有所不同，可能是增减了成员变量之类的变化，这个时候反序列化程序就会crash。

另外，序列化和反序列化的过程是通过 writeObject 和 readObject 来实现的，可以重写他们改变系统的默认序列化和反序列化过程。

ObjectOutputStream 序列化

//序列化
User user = new User(0,"jack",true);
ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(
 new FileOutputStream("cache.txt"));
 out.writeObject(user);
 out.close();

ObjectInputStream 反序列化

//反序列化
ObjectInputStream in = newObjectInputStream(
newFileInputStream("cache.txt"));
User user = (User) in.readObject();
in.close();

Parcelable

android中提供的序列化接口，实现这个接口以后就可以实现序列化并且可以通过Intent和Binder传递。

Parcelable process is much faster than serializable. One of the reasons for this is that we are being explicit about the serialization process instead of using reflection to infer it. It also stands to reason that the code has been heavily optimized for this purpose.

//MyObjects Parcelable class

importjava.util.ArrayList;

importandroid.os.Parcel;
importandroid.os.Parcelable;

publicclassMyObjectsimplementsParcelable{

privateintage;
privateString name;

privateArrayList<String> address;

publicMyObjects(String name,intage, ArrayList<String> address){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.address = address;

}

publicMyObjects(Parcel source){
 age = source.readInt();
 name = source.readString();
 address = source.createStringArrayList();
}

@Override
publicintdescribeContents(){
return0;
}

@Override
publicvoidwriteToParcel(Parcel dest,intflags){
 dest.writeInt(age);
 dest.writeString(name);
 dest.writeStringList(address);

}

publicintgetAge(){
returnage;
}

publicStringgetName(){
returnname;
}

publicArrayList<String>getAddress(){
if(!(address ==null))
returnaddress;
else
returnnewArrayList<String>();
}

publicstaticfinalCreator<MyObjects> CREATOR =newCreator<MyObjects>() {
@Override
publicMyObjects[] newArray(intsize) {
returnnewMyObjects[size];
 }

@Override
publicMyObjectscreateFromParcel(Parcel source){
returnnewMyObjects(source);
 }
};

}

MyObjects mObjects = newMyObjects("name","age","Address array here");

//Passing MyOjects instance
Intent mIntent = newIntent(FromActivity.this, ToActivity.class);
mIntent.putExtra("UniqueKey", mObjects);
startActivity(mIntent);

//Getting MyObjects instance
Intent mIntent = getIntent();
MyObjects workorder = (MyObjects) mIntent.getParcelable("UniqueKey");

//You can pass Arraylist of Parceble obect as below

//Array of MyObjects
ArrayList<MyObjects> mUsers;

//Passing MyOjects instance
Intent mIntent = newIntent(FromActivity.this, ToActivity.class);
mIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra("UniqueKey", mUsers);
startActivity(mIntent);


//Getting MyObjects instance
Intent mIntent = getIntent();
ArrayList<MyObjects> mUsers = mIntent.getParcelableArrayList("UniqueKey");

Parcelable and Serializable 比较

Parcelable is faster than serializable interface
Parcelable interface takes more time for implemetation compared to serializable interface
serializable interface is easier to implement
serializable interface create a lot of temporary objects and cause quite a bit of garbage collection
Parcelable array can be pass via Intent in android

If you want to be a good citizen, take the extra time to implement Parcelable since it will perform 10 times faster and use less resources.

However, in most cases, the slowness of Serializable won’t be noticeable. Feel free to use it but remember that serialization is an expensive operation so keep it to a minimum.

If you are trying to pass a list with thousands of serialized objects, it is possible that the whole process will take more than a second. It can make transitions or rotation from portrait to landscape feel very sluggish.

References

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